Endemic Plants

An updated checklist for endemic plants of Bangladesh are following:

  1. Abrus precatorius L. var. albo-spermum Hassan, Rahman et Afroz, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 28(2): 289 (2021). Fabaceae. Climber. Type: Bangladesh, Dhaka, Dhaka University Botanical Garden, M.A. Hassan 6001, 24 October 2021 (Holotype: DUSH) (Hassan et al., 2021).
  2. Alocasia hararganjensis H. Ara & M.A. Hassan, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 25(2): 228 (2018). Araceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Moulvibazar district, Gazipur beat, Hararganj reserve forest, 21.05.2005, Hosne Ara HA 1740 (DACB). Herbarium specimens: HA 1468 (DACB), HA 2885 (DACB) (Ara and Hassan, 2018).
  3. Alocasia salarkhanii H. Ara & M.A. Hassan, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 25(2): 231 (2018). Araceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Moulvibazar district, Lawachara reserve forest, 15.05.20005, Hosne Ara HA 1467 (DACB). Herbarium specimens: HA 2630 (DACB),  HA 2651 (DACB) (Ara and Hassan, 2018).
  4. Ampelygonum salarkhanii Hassan, Bangladesh J. Bot. 20(2): 245 (1991). Polygonaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Bandarban, Chimbuk hill, 1990, Hassan s.n. (DACB DUSH). Herbarium specimens: Rahman et al. 7954 (HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013), Anwar-0686 (Islam et al., 2016). 
  5. Bambusa comillensis Alam, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 3(2): 41 (1996). Poaceae.Herb (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  6. Boesenbergia islamii Yusof & M.A.Rahman, Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 10(1): 51-55 (2003). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Chittagong, Chunati, Near forest beat office, 02.10.1997, Yusuf & Rahman, 1019 (BCSIRH: holo., HCU: iso.). Herbarium specimen: Chittagong, Sitakunda, Chandranath hill, 31.08.2009, Rahman s.n. (HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  7. Colocasia hassanii H. Ara, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 25(1): 102 (2018). Araceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Bandarban district, on the way to Betchari, 22.9.2004, Hosne Ara HA 1215, 1216 (DACB). Herbarium specimens: HA 1291, 1292 (DACB) (Ara, 2018).
  8. Croton chittagongensis Chakrab. & N.P. Balakr,  Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Pl. Sci. 92: 365 (1983). Euphorbiaceae. Tree. Type: Chittagong Hill Tracts, Rangamati, Mainamukh, 09-05-1939, Dent 72 (CAL) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  9. Croton chlorocalyx Müll.Arg., Linnaea 34: 109 (1865). Euphorbiaceae.Shrub. (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  10. Curcuma bakerii Rahman & Yusuf, Plantae Discoverie 1: 21 (2012). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Tangail, Madhupur Sal forest,14.05.1996, Rahman & Yusuf 938 (BCSIRH: holo, HCU: iso) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  11. Curcuma hookerii Rahman & Yusuf, Plantae Discoveries 1: 23 (2012). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Chittagong, Barakundu, 18.04.1994, Rahman & Yusuf 867 (BCSIRH: holo.; HCU: iso.). Herbarium specimens:  Rahman et al. 2773, 2774 (HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  12. Curcuma roxburghii Rahman & Yusuf, Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 19(1): 80 (2012). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Rangamati, Rangapani, 08.07.1993, Rahman & Yusuf 803 (BCSIRH: holo.; HCU: iso.). Herbarium specimen: Rahman et al. 3248 (HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  13. Curcuma wallichii Rahman & Yusuf, Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 19(1): 82 (2012). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Moulvi Bazar, Srimangal, Lawachara forest, 16.07.1993, Rahman & Yusuf 813 (BCSIRH, HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  14. Curcuma wilcockii Rahman & Yusuf, Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 19(1): 83 (2012). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Tangail, Madhupursal forest, Rasulpur, 21.08.1993, Yusuf & Rahman 838 (BCSIRH, HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  15. Cuscuta chittagongensis Sengupta, M.S.Khan & Huq, Bangladesh J. Bot. 12(1): 33-36 (1983). Cuscutaceae. Parasite. Type: Rangamati, Myanimukh, 24.12.1956, Khan 234A (DACB). Herbarium specimen: Bandarban: Chimbuk hill, 27.11.1983, Khan et al., K.6518 (DACB) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  16. Dehaasia rangamattiensis M.Gangop., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48: 127 (2006).Lauraceae.Tree (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023). 
  17. Diospyros stricta Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832. 2: 539 (1832). Ebenaceae. Tree (Kew 2023).
  18. Diplazium banglum Fraser-Jenk. & Pasha, Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 2: 102 (2018). Aspleniaceae. Herb (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  19. Dipterocarpus scaber Buch.-Ham., Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 6: 300 (1826) Dipterocarpaceae. Tree (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  20. Globba rahmanii Yusuf, J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 87-90 (2004). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Khagrachari, Dheghinala-Marissha road, Teen tila, 30.08.1997, Rahman & Yusuf 1878 (BCSIRH, HCU). Herbarium specimens: Rahman & Yusuf 1020 (BCSIRH and HCU); Huq et al. H.5751 (DACB) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  21. Globba salarkhanii (M.A.Rahman & Yusuf) Govaerts, Taiwania 61: 269 (2016)(POWO 2023). Synonym: Mantisia salarkhanii Rahman & Yusuf, Saud. J. Biol. Sci. 9 (2): 105 (2002). Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Bandarban, Alikadam, Guishap Jiri, 3.5.1998, Rahman & Yusuf 2891 (BCSIRH, HCU). Herbarium specimen: Rahman et al. 8581 (HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  22. Gomphostemma salarkhaniana Khanam & Hassan, Bangladesh J. Bot. 32 (1):63-64 (2003). Lamiaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Sylhet, Tamabil, 13.10.1973, Khan et al., K.3296 (DACB). Herbarium specimens: Huq & Mia 7873 and 7887(DACB) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  23. Ipomoea salicifolia Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 88 (1824). Convolvulaceae. Climber (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  24. Knema bengalensis W.J. de Wilde, Blumea 25(2): 413 (1979). Myristicaceae. Tree. Type: Cox’s Bazar, Dulahazra, 31.12.1957, M. S. Khan 511 (DACB). Herbarium Specimen: Khan et al. 10210 (DACB) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  25. Lagenandra gomezii (Schott) Bogner & N. Jacobsen, Aqua Pl. 49 (1987). Synonym: Cryptocoryne gomezii Schott, Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 221 (1857). Araceae. Herb. Type: Sylhet, Panchara, 1828, W. Gomez, Wall. Cat. 8958 (K-W) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  26. Lagerstroemia parviflora var.benghalensis C.B.Clarke in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 2: 576 (1879).Lythraceae. Tree(Kew, 2023).
  27. Litsea clarkei Prain, Bengal Pl. 2:676 (1903). Lauraceae. Tree. Type: Chittagong, Seetakundu, Prain s.n. (CAL) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  28. Maesa bengalensis Mez, H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 236: 30 (1902). Primulaceae.Tree. (Kew 2023). Herbarium specimen: Kamrul 1411 (JUH) (Haque et al., 2018).
  29. Mycetia clarkei (Hook.f.) Razafim. & B.Bremer, Taxon 64: 293 (2015) (POWO 2023). Synonym: Myrioneuron clarkei Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 96 (1880). Rubiaceae.Shrub (Pasha, 2011).
  30. Nothopegia acuminata J. Sinclair, Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal 9 (2): 90 (1956). Anacardiaceae. Shrub. Type: Cox’s Bazar, Kelatuli chara, 17.03.1945, Sinclair 4039 (E) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  31. Oldenlandia thomsonii (Hook.f.) Kuntze,Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 293 (1891)(POWO 2023).Synonym:Hedyotis thomsonii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 3:63 (1880). Rubiaceae. Herb. Type: East Bengal, loc., 1851, J. D. Hooker s.n. (K). Herbarium specimens: Huq et al. H.5082 (DACB), Rahman et al. 8639 (HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  32. Persicaria eciliata Hassan, Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 3(2): 87-89 (1996). Polygonaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Rangamati, Kaptai, 1.11.1988, Hassan 1205 (DACB) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  33. Phyllanthus pendulus Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832. 3: 663 (1832). Phyllanthaceae.Herb  (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  34. Piper carnistigmum C.DC., Candollea 1: 186 (1923). Piperaceae.Herb (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  35. Psychotria bangladeshica M.Gangop. & Chakrab., J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 13: 115 (1989).Rubiaceae.Shrub (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  36. Pteris giasii Fraser-Jenk. & Pasha, Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes: 119 (2008). Pteridaceae.Herb (Kew, 2023).
  37. Pteris sylhetensis Fraser-Jenk. & Sushil K.Singh, Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 2: 424 (2018).Pteridaceae. Herb (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  38. Rhaphidophora calophyllum Schott var. violaceus H. Ara & M.A. Hassan, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 26(1): 20 (2019). Araceae. Climber. Type: Bangladesh, Moulvibazar district, Madhabkundo reserve forest, 20.05.2014, Sarder Nasir Uddin N 5242 (DACB). Herbarium specimen: N 5172 (DACB) (Ara and Hassan, 2019).
  39. Rotala tenuis (Wight) Koehne, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 1: 177 (1880).Lythraceae.Aquatic herb (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  40. Syzygium amplexicaule (Lindl.) N.P.Balakr., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 22: 173 (1980 publ. 1982). Myrtaceae.Tree (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  41. Syzygium lanceolarium (Roxb.) N.P.Balakr., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 22: 174 (1980 publ. 1982).Myrtaceae.Tree (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  42. Taxillus thelocarpa (Hook.f.) M.K.Alam, Bang. J. Bot., 14(1): 32 (1985)(Pasha 2011) Loranthaceae. Parasite. Type: Chittagong, Kazike hat, 1851, Hook.f & Thom. s.n. (K). Herbarium specimen: Huq et al. H.3910 (DACB) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  43. Tournefortia montana var. griffithii (C.B.Clarke) I.M.Johnst., J. Arnold Arbor. 32: 117 (1953). Boraginaceae. Climber (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  44. Trigonostemon praetervisus Airy Shaw, Kew Bull. 37: 121 (1982). Euphorbiaceae. Tree. Type: Silhet (Sylhet), Wall. Cat. 8001 (K) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  45. Typhonium elatum H. Ara & M.A. Hassan, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 25(2): 234 (2018). Araceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Sherpur district, Samaschura beat, 10.10.2003, Hosne Ara HA 701 (DACB). Herbarium specimens: HA 1060 (DACB), HA 2889 (DACB) (Ara and Hassan, 2018).
  46. Utricularia rosettifolia Alfasane & Hassan, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 27(2): 206 (2020). Lentibulariaceae. Aquatic herb. Type: Bangladesh, Jhenaidah district, Joydia baor, M.A. Alfasane, 1686(PLHL), 19.02.2019, Acc. No. 63594 (DACB). Herbarium specimens: 1688(PLHL), 1689(PLHL), 1690(PLHL) (Alfasane et al., 2020).
  47. Wendlandia amocana Cowan, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 16: 277 (1932).Rubiaceae.Tree (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).
  48. Zingiber salarkhanii Rahman & Yusuf, Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 20(2):2013. Zingiberaceae. Herb. Type: Bangladesh, Chittagong, Sitakundu, Chandranath hill, 13.08.1993, Rahman & Yusuf 825 (BCSIRH, HCU). Herbarium specimens: Rahman & Yusuf 825 (BCSIRH, HCU) (Rahman and Rashid, 2013).
  49. Ziziphus rugosa var.glabrescens Prain, Bengal Pl.: 334 (1903). Rhamnaceae.Climber (Kew, 2023; POWO, 2023).

LEGEND: BCSIRH = Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Herbarium; CAL = Calcutta Herbarium; DACB = Bangladesh National Herbarium, Herbarium Code; DUSH = Dhaka University Salar Khan Herbarium; HCU = Herbarium of Chittagong University; JUH = Jahangirnagar University Herbarium; K = Kew Herbarium; PLHL = Herbarium of Phycology Limnology and Hydrobiology Laboratory; POWO = Plants of the World Online.

References

1. Alfasane MA, Hassan MA, Bhuiyan RA. 2020. Utricularia rosettifolia Alfasane & Hassan sp. nov. (Lentibulariaceae)—A new species from Bangladesh. J. Plant Taxon. 27(2), 205–211.
2 Ara H. 2018. Colocasia hassanii (Araceae), A new species of aroid from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(1), 101–106.
3. Ara H, Hassan MA. 2018. Three new species of Araceae from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(2), 227–239.
4. Ara H, Hassan MA. 2019. Four new varieties of the family Araceae from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 26(1), 13–28.
5. Haque AKMK, Khan SA, Uddin SN, Shetu SS. 2018. An annotated checklist of the angiospermic flora of Rajkandi Reserve Forest of Moulvibazar, Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 25(2), 187–207.
6. Hassan MA, Rahman MO, Afroz S. 2021. A New Variety of Abrus precatorius L. (Fabaceae) From Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(2), 289–294.
7. Islam MA, Rahman MM, Hossain GM. 2016. Floristic composition and phytodiversity status of Sitakunda Ecopark, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 5(1), 29–45.
8. Kew. 2023. World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP). Build a checklist. Kew Science. Published on the Internet. https://checklistbuilder.science.kew.org/reportbuilder.do
9. Pasha MK. 2011. An evaluation of Endemism and Endemics in Bangladesh Flora. In: Biodiversity – Present State, Problems and Prospects of Its Conservation, Røskaft E,  Chivers DJ (Eds) pp. 58-77. Proc. In. Conf. Biodiv. 8-10 Jan., 2011. University of Chittgaong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
10. POWO. 2023. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. Published on the Internet. https://powo.science.kew.org/. Accessed at 16.03.2023.
11. Rahman MA, Rashid ME. 2013. Status of Endemic Plants of Bangladesh and Conservation Management Strategies. In. J. Environ. 2(1), 231–249.
12. Uddin MS, Mazumder AAM, Uddin SB. 2023. Addition of one hundred and forty-seven new vascular taxa to the flora of Bangladesh. Species 24(73), 1–8.
13. Uddin MS, Mazumder AAM, Uddin SB. 2024. Present status of endemic plants of Bangladesh. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 25(2): 70-78.